The NCPI Research Study is based upon the core HL7 FHIR ResearchStudy resource (R4) and acts as the umbrella for grouping and describing all other study resources..

For the purposes of interoperability, this guide includes recommended practices for the shared data elements required for submission.

Please see the research study documentation for in-depth mappings on the R4 version and the necessary extensions needed to ensure interoperability.

Added Profile Restrictions

To ensure consistency across all NCPI research studies represented in FHIR, there are some additional requirements which must be enforced. These requirements are derived from the Differential Table section of this document.

The following requirements are true for all NCPI Research Studies:

• each study should have its accession ID added as an identifier. This is an identifier provided by DbGAP or other organization which represents a common identifier recognized by similar research groups.
• each study should have its study name as the title.
• for those studies which exist as part of a larger study, the parent study should be referenced in the study’s partOf property.
• enrollment must contain 1 reference of type, Study Group.
• category must contain the Coding from NCPI StudyCohort.
• principalInvestigator must be of type Practitioner if present. (Note: we are using practitioner to maintain consistency with existing FHIR structures.)

Recommended Practices

To ensure consistency across all NCPI research studies represented in FHIR, there are some additional elements which should be included if applicable to your study. A recommended element is one that is important and will likely have value for those trying to understand the study’s purpose and usefulness but not essential for validation against the profile. Those elements labeled as optional are not central to the fundamental understanding of the study’s content but may play a key role in a study being findable.

Population Details

Each NCPI Research must have one Study Group which must, at the very least, indicate the total number of patients enrolled at the time the data was loaded into FHIR.

Additional Study Groups may be included to describe various aspects of the study’s population.

Notes:

As mentioned in the section, “Added Profile Restrictions” above, each NCPI Research must have one NCPI Study Group which must, at the very least, indicate the total number of patients enrolled at the time the data was loaded into FHIR.

Practices for Summary Only Resources

For Studies loaded into Summary Only FHIR servers, the Study’s Study Group resources must have the quantity. This promotes findability by enabling researchers without current access to the study’s row-level data to get basic study details including the different subject counts.

For studies that exist alongside row-level data, the Study’s Study Group resources should have each corresponding Patient referenced in the Group’s members array.

Identifiers - Best Practices

Provide meaningful systems at all times

System URIs are important for identifying the origin of an identifier. These URIs should be consistent across all groups that utilize these identifiers. Some important systems to note include:

For those identifiers that have been defined by the investigators and collaborators, the system should be unique to the Research Study and may be defined by those responsible for the ETL itself.

Utilize 'use' Property

The Identifier datatype provides a use property which is used to indicate which identifier is official and secondary (among others) and should be used where appropriate. It is strongly recommended that the most visible external identifier be marked as official.

Common Data Model Mappings

The following represents the mapping from the Logical Research Study model to this NCPI Research Study FHIR profile.

• Key Elements Table
• Differential Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
ResearchStudy		0..*	ResearchStudy	Investigation to increase healthcare-related patient-independent knowledge
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:studyDesign		0..*	CodeableConcept	Study Design and Study Type URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design Binding: https://hl7.org/fhir/valueset-study-design.html (example)
extension:associatedParty		0..*	(Complex)	Research Study Associated Party URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
extension:acknowledgement		0..*	markdown	Statement investigators should include to acknowledge use data from this study. This can include, but is not limited to, funding sources, organizational affiliations, or sponsors. URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	1..*	Identifier	External facing, globally unique identifiers. When providing more than one identifier, researchers should indicate the 'official' identifier by assigning 'official' to that identifier's use property.
title	Σ	0..1	string	Study's formal title.
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	active | administratively-completed | approved | closed-to-accrual | closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | completed | disapproved | in-review | temporarily-closed-to-accrual | temporarily-closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | withdrawn Binding: ResearchStudyStatus (required): Codes that convey the current status of the research study.
focus	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary, non-disease focus(es) of the study. This can include terms related to intervention, drug, device, or other focus. Binding Description: (example): Codes for medications, devices and other interventions.
condition	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary focus(es) of the study. This is specific to the disease. MeSH terms are preferred. Binding: Condition/Problem/DiagnosisCodes (example): Identification of the condition or diagnosis.
relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Attribution, Study Weblinks, Citation, Study Documents, etc.
description		0..1	markdown	Study Description (Recommended)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
ResearchStudy.status	Base	required	ResearchStudyStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.focus	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.condition	Base	example	Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	ResearchStudy	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()

This structure is derived from ResearchStudy

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
ResearchStudy		0..*	ResearchStudy	Investigation to increase healthcare-related patient-independent knowledge
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:studyDesign		0..*	CodeableConcept	Study Design and Study Type URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design Binding: https://hl7.org/fhir/valueset-study-design.html (example)
extension:associatedParty		0..*	(Complex)	Research Study Associated Party URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
extension:acknowledgement		0..*	markdown	Statement investigators should include to acknowledge use data from this study. This can include, but is not limited to, funding sources, organizational affiliations, or sponsors. URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement
identifier		1..*	Identifier	External facing, globally unique identifiers. When providing more than one identifier, researchers should indicate the 'official' identifier by assigning 'official' to that identifier's use property.
title		0..1	string	Study's formal title.
category
coding		0..*	Coding	Indicate this is an NCPI Research Study Required Pattern: At least the following
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/CodeSystem/ncpi
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: StudyCohort
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Study Cohort
focus		0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary, non-disease focus(es) of the study. This can include terms related to intervention, drug, device, or other focus.
condition		0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary focus(es) of the study. This is specific to the disease. MeSH terms are preferred.
relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Attribution, Study Weblinks, Citation, Study Documents, etc.
description		0..1	markdown	Study Description (Recommended)
Documentation for this format

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
ResearchStudy		0..*	ResearchStudy	Investigation to increase healthcare-related patient-independent knowledge
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:studyDesign		0..*	CodeableConcept	Study Design and Study Type URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design Binding: https://hl7.org/fhir/valueset-study-design.html (example)
extension:associatedParty		0..*	(Complex)	Research Study Associated Party URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
extension:acknowledgement		0..*	markdown	Statement investigators should include to acknowledge use data from this study. This can include, but is not limited to, funding sources, organizational affiliations, or sponsors. URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	1..*	Identifier	External facing, globally unique identifiers. When providing more than one identifier, researchers should indicate the 'official' identifier by assigning 'official' to that identifier's use property.
title	Σ	0..1	string	Study's formal title.
protocol	Σ	0..*	Reference(PlanDefinition)	Steps followed in executing study
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(ResearchStudy)	Part of larger study
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	active | administratively-completed | approved | closed-to-accrual | closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | completed | disapproved | in-review | temporarily-closed-to-accrual | temporarily-closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | withdrawn Binding: ResearchStudyStatus (required): Codes that convey the current status of the research study.
primaryPurposeType	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	treatment | prevention | diagnostic | supportive-care | screening | health-services-research | basic-science | device-feasibility Binding: ResearchStudyPrimaryPurposeType (extensible): Codes for the main intent of the study.
phase	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	n-a | early-phase-1 | phase-1 | phase-1-phase-2 | phase-2 | phase-2-phase-3 | phase-3 | phase-4 Binding: ResearchStudyPhase (example): Codes for the stage in the progression of a therapy from initial experimental use in humans in clinical trials to post-market evaluation.
category	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classifications for the study Binding Description: (example): Codes that describe the type of research study. E.g. Study phase, Interventional/Observational, blinding type, etc.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Indicate this is an NCPI Research Study Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/CodeSystem/ncpi
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: StudyCohort
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Study Cohort
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
focus	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary, non-disease focus(es) of the study. This can include terms related to intervention, drug, device, or other focus. Binding Description: (example): Codes for medications, devices and other interventions.
condition	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary focus(es) of the study. This is specific to the disease. MeSH terms are preferred. Binding: Condition/Problem/DiagnosisCodes (example): Identification of the condition or diagnosis.
contact	Σ	0..*	ContactDetail	Contact details for the study
relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Attribution, Study Weblinks, Citation, Study Documents, etc.
keyword	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	Used to search for the study Binding Description: (example): Words associated with the study that may be useful in discovery.
location	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	Geographic region(s) for study Binding: Jurisdiction ValueSet (extensible): Countries and regions within which this artifact is targeted for use.
description		0..1	markdown	Study Description (Recommended)
enrollment	Σ	0..*	Reference(Group)	Inclusion & exclusion criteria
period	Σ	0..1	Period	When the study began and ended
sponsor	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that initiates and is legally responsible for the study
principalInvestigator	Σ	0..1	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole)	Researcher who oversees multiple aspects of the study
site	Σ	0..*	Reference(Location)	Facility where study activities are conducted
reasonStopped	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	accrual-goal-met | closed-due-to-toxicity | closed-due-to-lack-of-study-progress | temporarily-closed-per-study-design Binding: ResearchStudyReasonStopped (example): Codes for why the study ended prematurely.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments made about the study
arm		0..*	BackboneElement	Defined path through the study for a subject
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
name		1..1	string	Label for study arm
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Categorization of study arm
description		0..1	string	Short explanation of study path
objective		0..*	BackboneElement	A goal for the study
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
name		0..1	string	Label for the objective
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	primary | secondary | exploratory Binding: ResearchStudyObjectiveType (preferred): Codes for the kind of study objective.
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
ResearchStudy.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.status	Base	required	ResearchStudyStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.primaryPurposeType	Base	extensible	ResearchStudyPrimaryPurposeType	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.phase	Base	example	ResearchStudyPhase	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.category	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.focus	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.condition	Base	example	Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.keyword	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.location	Base	extensible	Jurisdiction	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.reasonStopped	Base	example	ResearchStudyReasonStopped	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.objective.​type	Base	preferred	ResearchStudyObjectiveType	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	ResearchStudy	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
ResearchStudy		0..*	ResearchStudy	Investigation to increase healthcare-related patient-independent knowledge
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:studyDesign		0..*	CodeableConcept	Study Design and Study Type URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design Binding: https://hl7.org/fhir/valueset-study-design.html (example)
extension:associatedParty		0..*	(Complex)	Research Study Associated Party URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
extension:acknowledgement		0..*	markdown	Statement investigators should include to acknowledge use data from this study. This can include, but is not limited to, funding sources, organizational affiliations, or sponsors. URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	1..*	Identifier	External facing, globally unique identifiers. When providing more than one identifier, researchers should indicate the 'official' identifier by assigning 'official' to that identifier's use property.
title	Σ	0..1	string	Study's formal title.
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	active | administratively-completed | approved | closed-to-accrual | closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | completed | disapproved | in-review | temporarily-closed-to-accrual | temporarily-closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | withdrawn Binding: ResearchStudyStatus (required): Codes that convey the current status of the research study.
focus	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary, non-disease focus(es) of the study. This can include terms related to intervention, drug, device, or other focus. Binding Description: (example): Codes for medications, devices and other interventions.
condition	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary focus(es) of the study. This is specific to the disease. MeSH terms are preferred. Binding: Condition/Problem/DiagnosisCodes (example): Identification of the condition or diagnosis.
relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Attribution, Study Weblinks, Citation, Study Documents, etc.
description		0..1	markdown	Study Description (Recommended)
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
ResearchStudy.status	Base	required	ResearchStudyStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.focus	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.condition	Base	example	Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	ResearchStudy	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()

Differential View

This structure is derived from ResearchStudy

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
ResearchStudy		0..*	ResearchStudy	Investigation to increase healthcare-related patient-independent knowledge
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:studyDesign		0..*	CodeableConcept	Study Design and Study Type URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design Binding: https://hl7.org/fhir/valueset-study-design.html (example)
extension:associatedParty		0..*	(Complex)	Research Study Associated Party URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
extension:acknowledgement		0..*	markdown	Statement investigators should include to acknowledge use data from this study. This can include, but is not limited to, funding sources, organizational affiliations, or sponsors. URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement
identifier		1..*	Identifier	External facing, globally unique identifiers. When providing more than one identifier, researchers should indicate the 'official' identifier by assigning 'official' to that identifier's use property.
title		0..1	string	Study's formal title.
category
coding		0..*	Coding	Indicate this is an NCPI Research Study Required Pattern: At least the following
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/CodeSystem/ncpi
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: StudyCohort
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Study Cohort
focus		0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary, non-disease focus(es) of the study. This can include terms related to intervention, drug, device, or other focus.
condition		0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary focus(es) of the study. This is specific to the disease. MeSH terms are preferred.
relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Attribution, Study Weblinks, Citation, Study Documents, etc.
description		0..1	markdown	Study Description (Recommended)
Documentation for this format

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints    Filter: Bindings Constraints Obligations
ResearchStudy		0..*	ResearchStudy	Investigation to increase healthcare-related patient-independent knowledge
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation This profile does not constrain the narrative in regard to content, language, or traceability to data elements
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
extension:studyDesign		0..*	CodeableConcept	Study Design and Study Type URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design Binding: https://hl7.org/fhir/valueset-study-design.html (example)
extension:associatedParty		0..*	(Complex)	Research Study Associated Party URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
extension:acknowledgement		0..*	markdown	Statement investigators should include to acknowledge use data from this study. This can include, but is not limited to, funding sources, organizational affiliations, or sponsors. URL: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	1..*	Identifier	External facing, globally unique identifiers. When providing more than one identifier, researchers should indicate the 'official' identifier by assigning 'official' to that identifier's use property.
title	Σ	0..1	string	Study's formal title.
protocol	Σ	0..*	Reference(PlanDefinition)	Steps followed in executing study
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(ResearchStudy)	Part of larger study
status	?!Σ	1..1	code	active | administratively-completed | approved | closed-to-accrual | closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | completed | disapproved | in-review | temporarily-closed-to-accrual | temporarily-closed-to-accrual-and-intervention | withdrawn Binding: ResearchStudyStatus (required): Codes that convey the current status of the research study.
primaryPurposeType	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	treatment | prevention | diagnostic | supportive-care | screening | health-services-research | basic-science | device-feasibility Binding: ResearchStudyPrimaryPurposeType (extensible): Codes for the main intent of the study.
phase	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	n-a | early-phase-1 | phase-1 | phase-1-phase-2 | phase-2 | phase-2-phase-3 | phase-3 | phase-4 Binding: ResearchStudyPhase (example): Codes for the stage in the progression of a therapy from initial experimental use in humans in clinical trials to post-market evaluation.
category	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	Classifications for the study Binding Description: (example): Codes that describe the type of research study. E.g. Study phase, Interventional/Observational, blinding type, etc.
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
coding	Σ	0..*	Coding	Indicate this is an NCPI Research Study Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/CodeSystem/ncpi
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: StudyCohort
display		1..1	string	Representation defined by the system Fixed Value: Study Cohort
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text	Σ	0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
focus	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary, non-disease focus(es) of the study. This can include terms related to intervention, drug, device, or other focus. Binding Description: (example): Codes for medications, devices and other interventions.
condition	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	The primary focus(es) of the study. This is specific to the disease. MeSH terms are preferred. Binding: Condition/Problem/DiagnosisCodes (example): Identification of the condition or diagnosis.
contact	Σ	0..*	ContactDetail	Contact details for the study
relatedArtifact		0..*	RelatedArtifact	Attribution, Study Weblinks, Citation, Study Documents, etc.
keyword	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	Used to search for the study Binding Description: (example): Words associated with the study that may be useful in discovery.
location	Σ	0..*	CodeableConcept	Geographic region(s) for study Binding: Jurisdiction ValueSet (extensible): Countries and regions within which this artifact is targeted for use.
description		0..1	markdown	Study Description (Recommended)
enrollment	Σ	0..*	Reference(Group)	Inclusion & exclusion criteria
period	Σ	0..1	Period	When the study began and ended
sponsor	Σ	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Organization that initiates and is legally responsible for the study
principalInvestigator	Σ	0..1	Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole)	Researcher who oversees multiple aspects of the study
site	Σ	0..*	Reference(Location)	Facility where study activities are conducted
reasonStopped	Σ	0..1	CodeableConcept	accrual-goal-met | closed-due-to-toxicity | closed-due-to-lack-of-study-progress | temporarily-closed-per-study-design Binding: ResearchStudyReasonStopped (example): Codes for why the study ended prematurely.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments made about the study
arm		0..*	BackboneElement	Defined path through the study for a subject
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
name		1..1	string	Label for study arm
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Categorization of study arm
description		0..1	string	Short explanation of study path
objective		0..*	BackboneElement	A goal for the study
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
name		0..1	string	Label for the objective
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	primary | secondary | exploratory Binding: ResearchStudyObjectiveType (preferred): Codes for the kind of study objective.
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Status	Usage	ValueSet	Version	Source
ResearchStudy.language	Base	preferred	Common Languages	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.status	Base	required	ResearchStudyStatus	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.primaryPurposeType	Base	extensible	ResearchStudyPrimaryPurposeType	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.phase	Base	example	ResearchStudyPhase	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.category	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.focus	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.condition	Base	example	Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.keyword	Base	example		Not State	Unknown
ResearchStudy.location	Base	extensible	Jurisdiction	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.reasonStopped	Base	example	ResearchStudyReasonStopped	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.
ResearchStudy.objective.​type	Base	preferred	ResearchStudyObjectiveType	📍4.0.1	FHIR Std.

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Description	Expression
dom-2	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources	contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	ResearchStudy	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource	contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated	contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	ResearchStudy	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label	contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	ResearchStudy	A resource should have narrative for robust management	text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children	hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both	extension.exists() != value.exists()

This structure is derived from ResearchStudy

Summary

Mandatory: 1 element

Extensions

This structure refers to these extensions:

• https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-design
• https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-associated-party
• https://nih-ncpi.github.io/ncpi-fhir-ig-2/StructureDefinition/research-study-acknowledgement